Avro York (Type 685)

History of Avro York (Type 685)

The four-engine Avro Lancaster heavy bomber entered service with the Royal Air Force (RAF) in February 1942. His participation in World War II (1939-1945) bombing operations against the Allies and overall success proved crucial.

More than 7,000 were produced, the last of which was not retired by the Canadian Army until 1963. While the Lancaster grew out of the Avro Manchester, it was the basis for several other big cousins ??- the Avro Lincoln heavy bomber and the four-engine Avro York Transporter were two of its descendants.

Avro went on to design a new four-engine hauler based on its Lancaster, codenamed "Type 685". In order to speed up the development, the new aircraft retains the original wing part, tail and landing gear, and adopts a new plate-side fuselage to increase the internal volume. The twin tail rudder assembly is located at the rear end of the aircraft (just like the Lancaster), the cockpit cockpit is mounted at the very front of the aircraft, and the nose has good visibility.

There are four operators.

Power comes from 4 Rolls-Royce Merlin 24 series liquid-cooled inline piston engines, each producing 1,280 hp. Performance specs include a top speed of 300 mph, a range of up to 3,000 miles, a service ceiling of 23,000 feet and a rate of climb of 820 feet per minute.

In 1942, the Air Department proposed specification C.1/42 for traffic-oriented aircraft, which sparked interest in the Avro project, and three prototypes were ordered (four eventually built). The LV626 was the first aircraft to fly on July 5, 1942, but stability and control problems with the new aircraft's aerodynamic improvements (compared to the Lancaster) led to the adoption of a three-blade tail. Satisfied, the RAF put the transport aircraft into service, and the series eventually filled the inventory of more than 20 squadrons. Several special groups also operate the genre, and some have even been modified to take on VIP roles. In addition to the RAF, the aircraft is used by allies in Australia, France and South Africa.

Total production reached 259 units (including prototype examples).

The original military production model was the York C.I, of which 208 were built by Avro and by Victory Aircraft of Canada. The Canadian company embarked on a larger production run, but only completed one and made five more parts, and the war was over.

The York C.II became a "one-off" prototype with 4 x Bristol Hercules XVI air-cooled radial piston engines - a form that was not used in service.

Even in the war years, York found lucrative employment in the civilian market - an overseas route delivered to British Overseas Airways (BOAC) in February 1944. The series continued into the post-war years, taking part in the Berlin Airlift (1948-1949) as well as passenger and cargo transport operations. There are at least 44 commercial market-oriented York Mk in operation.

Is and these serve countries like Australia, Argentina, Canada, Iran, Lebanon, South Africa and the UK.

The RAF Museum in Cosford houses an Avro 685.

Specification

Basic

Production

Roles

Dimensions

Weight

Performance

Performance

Armor

Changes